Research Opportunities
Research in The St Williams Conservation Reserve
The St Williams Conservation Reserve encourages research that contributes to the understanding of maintaining and restoring the conservation reserve’s biodiversity and aligns with management guidelines will be encouraged, subject to Ontario Parks approval.
SWCR has been a living laboratory since 1908, when Canada’s first Forestry Station was established in St Williams. Since then, there have been several long-term studies involving red pine variable density thinning, silviculture planting experiments, and carbon sequestration studies. Some historical research plots still exist on site, predominantly within the White Turkey Point Tract.
Current Research Initiatives at SWCR
Currently there are a range of researchers and institutions utilizing the SWCR to study their chosen field of interest.
Here are some highlights:
McMaster Turkey Point Observatory
Studying climate change and extreme weather impacts on managed forests (Turkey Point Flux Station Project).
Habitat selection of Eastern Hognose snakes in southwestern Ontario:
Laura Robson completed her MSc. thesis at the University of Ottawa on habitat use and demographics of Eastern hognose snakes (Heterodon platirhinos) in the Long Point Region. Hognose snakes are a species-at-risk in Canada with a designation of Threatened. In Canada, this harmless snake is found only in regions of Ontario that have sandy soils.
They feed predominantly on toads and other small amphibians like wood frogs Colour morphologies vary from reddish to yellow with dark markings along their backs and from olive-green to black very few markings. Most notably, hognose snakes have a dramatic defense strategy in which they hiss, puff, strike and eventually ‘play dead’ when threatened by a human or predator. Eastern hognose snakes rarely bite when they strike and are non-venomous.
Laura’s fieldwork was done in 2009 and 2010 at several sites in Norfolk County, including the St. Williams Conservation Reserve. By implanting several adult snakes with radio transmitters, she was able to track their movements and characterize the sites in which they chose to bask, nest and hibernate. This research helped identify what sort of areas should be preserved and restored in the future to help maintain viable populations of hognose snakes.
Norfolk County is home to many of Canada’s at-risk reptiles and amphibians so it is reassuring to see that so many private landowners and conservation agencies are setting aside habitat for their future.
Parties interested in applying to conduct research within SWCR are asked to contact: Ontario Parks Turkey Point:
https://www.ontarioparks.ca/scienceresearch/application
Partnerships
The following is a list of the organizations we most often associate with in varying capacities:
Species at Risk
Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife In Canada (COSEWIC)
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Species at Risk Home Page
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Species at Risk Stewardship Fund
Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre
Local Partners and Agencies
Birds Canada
Canadian Raptor Conservancy
Carolinian Canada
Tallgrass Ontario
Norfolk Field Naturalists
Norfolk Woodlot Owners Association
Norfolk County
Alternative Land Use Services (ALUS)
Nature Conservancy of Canada
Long Point Basin Land Trust
Long Point World Biosphere Reserve
Long Point Causeway Improvement Project
Long Point Region Conservation Authority
Ontario Butterfly Species at Risk Recovery Team
Provincial and Federal Partners and Agencies
Atlas of the Breeding Birds of Ontario
Ontario Invasive Plant Council
Environment Canada
Canadian Chestnut Council
Canadian Forest Service
Ontario Woodlot Association
Ontario Nature
Ontario Professional Foresters Association
Conservation Ontario
Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks
Species at Risk
A species at risk is any naturally occurring plant or animal in danger of extinction or disappearing from the province. Once designated as “at risk” in Ontario, the species is added to the Species at Risk in Ontario (SARO) List, which complements the Federal Species at Risk Act (SARA).
SARA relies on recommendations from the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC), a panel of experts that assesses and designates species facing extinction risks. While Ontario’s SARO list and the Federal SAR list are largely similar, some status designations may differ.
Species at Risk at St. Williams Conservation Reserve
The diverse forests, savannas, sand barrens, wetlands, ravines, and streams at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve provide habitat for more than 20 species at risk.
Plants
American Chestnut - Castanea dentata
Status in Canada: Endangered
Status in Ontario: Endangered
Status at SWCR: Common
The American Chestnut was once a dominant tree species in southern Ontario forests, but has nearly disappeared due to Chestnut Blight, a devastating fungal disease.
Quick Facts
Historically, American Chestnut trees grew up to 30m tall with trunks reaching 1.5m in diameter.
These trees cannot self-fertilize, and surviving populations are now so isolated that cross-pollination is increasingly difficult.
The American Chestnut is not related to the European Horse Chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), which is commonly planted as an ornamental tree in Ontario.
Threats at SWCR
Chestnut Blight – This invasive fungus kills trees and isolates survivors, making reproduction nearly impossible.
Seed Predation – Since seeds are already rare, squirrels and deer consuming them further reduce potential regeneration.
Loss of Mature Individuals – Large trees are often lost due to forest harvesting and development.
Hybridization – Crossbreeding with introduced chestnut species threatens genetic purity.
Human Activities That Can Impact American Chestnut
Disturbance to understory shrubs through unauthorized plant collection and off-trail ATV use degrade habitat.
Vegetation management risks, such as prescribed burns, and conifer plantation thinning can harm saplings.
Off-trail recreational activities including trampling, unauthorized vehicle use, and removal of saplings disrupt regeneration efforts.
Conservation Efforts at SWCR
Population Monitoring
Enforcement Against Unauthorized Trail Use
Spotted Wintergreen - Chimaphila maculata
Status in Canada: Endangered
Status in Ontario: Endangered
Status at SWCR: Rare and increasing
In Canada, there are only 5 known populations of this low evergreen perennial shrub: four here in Norfolk Country, and one in Niagara County.
Quick Facts:
The SWCR is home to two out of the five existing populations in Canada, one of these is the largest known population in Canada!
Only a few stems within a population produce flowers in a particular year.
It is a deciduous forest species that spreads vegetatively to produce sparse patches.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
Habitat Degradation: Soil compaction from unauthorized ATV use, invasive plants and canopy closure all degrade its habitat.
Incidental damage: resulting in the death of individual plants.
Activities that can damage spotted wintergreen and its critical habitat include:
Activities that can introduce or encourage the growth of invasive plants, such as dumping of garden waste and off-trail ATV use.
Activities that can cause soil compaction or erosion, such as unauthorized ATV or dirt bike activity and other off-trail recreational activities.
Vegetation management activities that can crush or destroy plants, such as prescribed burns, herbicide use to control invasive plants, conifer plantation thinning.
Off-trail recreational activities that can trample plants, or remove them from their habitat, such as trampling, off-trail ATV use, and unauthorized collecting.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
Population monitoring
Management planning to prevent damage during habitat restoration practices.
Forest thinning activities
Invasive plant control
Enforcement of unauthorized trail use
Eastern Flowering Dogwood - Cornus florida
Status in Canada: Endangered
Status in Ontario: Endangered
Status at SWCR: Occasional and Rare at both tracts
Eastern Flowering Dogwood is a small understory tree that produces clusters of showy white flowers in spring.
Quick Facts:
It occurs only in the Carolinian Forest Zone of southwestern Ontario.
Because of their flowers, it is commonly used as an ornamental tree in gardens and parks.
It can be found along the borders of woodlands and in sunny openings within Carolinian forests.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
Dogwood Anthracnose Fungus: an invasive fungal infection that has drastically reduced populations in Ontario.
Forest Succession: Succession increases shading and reduces habitat suitability for dogwoods, often associated with long-term fire suppression in Ontario woodlands.
Activities that can damage critical Eastern Flowering Dogwood habitat include:
Vegetation management activities that can crush or destroy plants, herbicide use to control invasive plants, conifer plantation thinning.
Off-trail recreational activities that can trample plants, or remove them from their habitat, such as trampling, crushing under vehicles, and collecting.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
Population monitoring
Forest thinning activities
Enforcement of unauthorized trail use
Prescribed burns
Butternut - Juglans cinerea
Status in Canada: Endangered
Status in Ontario: Endangered
Status at SWCR: Uncommon
Butternut is a small to medium size tree that generally grows alone or in small groups within a range of deciduous and mixed forests.
Quick Facts:
It is vulnerable to multiple exotic pests and diseases.
It prefers sunny locations near fencerows and field edges.
It is in the walnut family, and hybridizes with exotic, ornamental walnut trees introduced to the area.
Like other walnut species, it secretes a chemical from its roots (juglone) that can kill other plants growing nearby.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
Butternut Canker: a non-native fungus causing severe dieback
Other exotic diseases and pests: Including leaf spot, butternut curculio, fall webworm, Bunch-broom disease
Hybridization: Butternuts in Ontario have been hybridizing with exotic walnut (Juglans) species.
Lack of regeneration: Seed collecting and seed predation, from overabundant natural predators and collecting by humans, is affecting the species’ ability to replace the trees dying from butternut canker.
Activities that can harm Butternut trees include:
Illegal collecting of butternut seeds.
Off-trail recreational activities that can trample seedlings, or remove them from their habitat, such as trampling, crushing under vehicles, and collecting.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
Population monitoring
Forest thinning activities
Enforcement of unauthorized trail use
Virginia Goat’s-rue - Tephrosia virginiana
Status in Canada: Endangered
Status in Ontario: Endangered
Status at SWCR: Rare – occurs in only one location
This perennial herb has conspicuous pink and yellow flowers above a leafy stem. In Canada, Virginia Goat’s-rue occurs within a very restricted portion of Norfolk County, and the SWCR population it is the only one on public land.
Quick Facts:
There are only two populations left in Canada, and the population at the SWCR is the larger of the two.
This pioneer species needs open areas with a lot of light, and dry, sandy soils.
It is a fire-adapted species: plants grow larger and have more flowers after spring burns.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
Habitat Loss and Degradation: due to invasive species, fire suppression and succession.
Recreational Pressures: that can damage individual plants and their habitats.
Activities that can damage Virginia Goat’s-rue and its critical habitat include:
Activities that can introduce or encourage the growth of invasive plants, such as dumping of garden waste and off-trail ATV use.
Activities that can damage individual plants such as unauthorized collecting, unauthorized road and trail use, or off-trail ATV use.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
Population monitoring
Sand barren thinning activities
Invasive plant control
Enforcement of unauthorized trail use
Prescribed burns
Bird’s-foot Violet - Viola pedata
Status in Canada: Endangered
Status in Ontario: Endangered
Status at SWCR: Rare – One location
This low-growing perennial herb flowers in both spring and autumn. In Canada, it only occurs in a small area of southwestern Ontario.
Quick Facts:
There are only five populations left in Canada, and the population at the SWCR and Turkey Point Provincial Park is the largest, and the only one on public conservation lands.
It needs dry open areas to grow and usually grows near oaks and pines.
It is a fire-adapted species: it needs fire and other disturbances in order for seeds to germinate.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
Habitat Degradation: The rare ecosystems it needs are degrading due to invasive species and fire suppression.
Recreational Pressures: Off-trail and unauthorized recreational activity at the reserve can damage individual plants and their habitats.
Activities that can damage critical Bird’s-foot violet and it’s habitat include:
Activities that can introduce or encourage the growth of invasive plants, such as dumping of garden waste and off-trail ATV use.
Activities that interfere with understory shrubs, unauthorized plant collecting and off-trail ATV use.
Activities that can damage individual plants such as collecting, unauthorized road and trail use, or off-trail ATV use.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
Population monitoring
Forest thinning activities
Invasive plant control
Enforcement of unauthorized trail use
Prescribed burns
Insects
Monarch - Danaus plexippus
Status in Canada: Special Concern
Status in Ontario: Special Concern
Status at SWCR: Very Common
This iconic butterfly is easily recognized by the distinctive orange and black patterns on its large wings. Caterpillars have a distinctive look of their own, with bright bands of yellow, black, and white along their bodies and a pair of filaments at either end.
Quick Facts:
It migrates between southern Canada and Mexico in the fall: It takes an average of four generations to make a round trip. In Canada, they are abundant during the summer in Southern Ontario and Quebec.
Between August and November, these butterflies cluster by the thousands on trees at specific locations called “staging sites” in preparation for their long migration south. Some nearby staging sites include Point Pelee, Rondeau and Long Point.
Monarch caterpillars feed exclusively on the leaves of milkweed species: when we kill these plants, we kill the butterflies too!
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
Loss of host plants: the widespread elimination of milkweed species with herbicides and pesticides in Ontario has cut off the food source for monarch caterpillars.
Activities that can damage critical host plants and their habitat include:
Activities that can introduce or encourage the growth of invasive plants, such as dumping of garden waste and off-trail ATV use.
Activities that kill understory plants such as herbicide application, and unauthorized plant collecting.
Off-trail recreational activities that can trample plants, or remove them from their habitat, such as trampling, crushing under vehicles, and collecting.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
Population monitoring
Forest thinning activities
Invasive plant control
Enforcement of unauthorized trail use
Prescribed burns
Frosted Elfin - Callophrys irus
Status in Canada: Extirpated
Status in Ontario: Extirpated
Status at SWCR: Extirpated
It gets its frosted appearance from a scattering of pale-coloured scales on the underside of its wings. The SWCR was home to the last Ontario population, and our efforts are now focused on restoring habitat in the hopes that it can someday return.
Quick Facts:
The Canadian population is considered extirpated: In Ontario, it was found only at the SWCR and was last recorded here in 1988.
This subspecies feeds exclusively on wild lupine (Lupinus perennis).
It used habitats with well-drained sandy soils and open to semi-shaded woody canopy cover, such as remnant oak savannas, prairies, sand barrens, road rights-of-way, areas under power lines and openings in woodlands
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
Habitat loss/Degradation: Frosted Elfin feed exclusively on wild lupine, which has been disappearing form the landscape due to natural succession, suppression of fire, herbicide use, and development.
Activities that can damage critical Frosted Elfin habitat include:
Activities that can introduce or encourage the growth of invasive plants, such as dumping of garden waste and off-trail ATV use.
Activities that interfere with understory shrubs, unauthorized plant collecting and off-trail ATV-use.
Off-trail recreational activities that can trample plants, or remove them from their habitat, such as trampling, crushing under vehicles, and collecting.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
Forest thinning activities
Invasive plant control
Enforcement of unauthorized trail use
Prescribed burns
Karner Blue - Lycaeides melissa samuelis
Status in Canada: Extirpated
Status in Ontario: Extirpated
Status at SWCR: Extirpated
This small butterfly has blue wings that measure only 22 to 32 mm across! Males are a brighter blue than females, who make up for it by having bright orange crescents around silver and black spots on their wings. They are considered extirpated from Ontario, and the SWCR is focused on restoring habitat so they can someday return.
Quick Facts:
It was last seen in Norfolk County near St. Williams in 1988.
The St. Williams population is thought to have been lost in 1988 due to prolonged drought.
Wild lupine (Lupinus perennis) is the only plant on which it will lay eggs and on which caterpillars can feed.
The caterpillars form a mutualistic relationship with certain ant species, receiving protection from predators and parasites through the attentions of the ants.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
Loss/Degradation of Critical Habitat: habitat deterioration due to drought, invasive species, succession and fire suppression, and herbicide use has led to the elimination of host plants (Wild lupine, Lupinus perennis).
Activities that can damage host plants and critical habitats for Karner Blue butterflies include:
Activities that can introduce or encourage the growth of invasive plants, such as dumping of garden waste and off-trail ATV use.
Activities that eliminate patches of dense understory or reduce structural complexity on the forest floor: Natural succession and canopy closure, excessive deer browsing.
Activities that interfere with understory shrubs, unauthorized plant collecting and off-trail ATV use.
Off-trail recreational activities that can trample plants, or remove them from their habitat, such as trampling, crushing under vehicles, and collecting.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
Forest thinning activities
Invasive plant control
Enforcement of unauthorized trail use
Prescribed burns
Birds
Whip-poor-will - Caprimulgus vociferus
Status in Canada: Threatened
Status in Ontario: Threatened
Status at SWCR: Common breeding bird
This medium-sized songbird is difficult to spot due to its excellent camouflage and ground-nesting habits.
Quick Facts
Feeds on nocturnal insects and is most active at dusk and dawn.
Breeds at both the Nursery and Turkey Point tracts
SWCR supports one of the last strongholds of this species in southwestern Ontario.
Ground nests are often located near trails or open areas such as fields and wetlands.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
Road Mortality Birds often rest near roads and trails, making them vulnerable to vehicle collisions, especially at night.
Habitat Loss & Degradation
Natural succession and fire suppression reduce suitable habitat.
Human Activities That Can Impact the Whip-poor-will
Unauthorized road and trail use, or off-trail ATV riding, which may disturb nesting birds.
Introduction or spread of invasive plants through dumping of garden waste or off-trail ATV use.
Disturbance of understory shrubs through unauthorized plant collection or off-trail vehicle use.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
Population Monitoring
Forest Thinning Activities
Invasive Plant Control
Enforcement Against Unauthorized Trail Use
Prescribed Burns
Cerulean Warbler - Dendroica cerulea
Status in Canada: Endangered
Status in Ontario: Threatened
Status at SWCR: Rare breeding bird
Cerulean Warbler is a small, insectivorous songbird that nests in mature deciduous forests and can be found in the Nursery Tract during the breeding season.
Quick Facts:
In Ontario, it breeds primarily in two distinct areas: southeastern Ontario (where the largest concentration occurs) and southwestern Ontario where the species is more widely scattered.
Males are sky blue.
It was once fairly common and widespread in Ontario, but populations in Norfolk country have been declining. Now the Cerulean warbler is very rare in the region.
Cerulean warblers are loosely colonial and return to the same nesting territory every year.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
Habitat Degradation: from forest destruction and invasive forest pests which cause mature trees to die.
Activities that can damage critical Cerulean warbler habitat include:
Tree removal that eliminates the closed canopy conditions needed by this species.
Activities that can introduce or encourage the growth of invasive plants, such as dumping of garden waste and off-trail ATV use.
Activities that interfere with understory shrubs, unauthorized plant collecting and off-trail ATV use.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
Population monitoring
Enforcement of unauthorized trail use
Acadian Flycatcher - Empidonax virescens
Status in Canada: Endangered
Status in Ontario: Endangered
Status at SWCR: Rare breeding bird
The Acadian Flycatcher is a small migratory songbird. In Canada, it breeds mostly in the Carolinian Forest Zone in southwestern Ontario.
Quick Facts:
- It is a rare breeding bird in Canada but has nested at both the Nursery Tract and the Turkey Point Tract.
- Acadian Flycatcher requires large areas of undisturbed forest with a closed canopy and open understory.
- Their delicate cup nests are constructed in the fork of horizontal branches.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
- Habitat loss and Degradation: Acadian Flycatchers are sensitive to alterations in their environment, particularly changes in the canopy closure of the forest.
- Activities that can damage Acadian Flycatcher habitat include:
- Tree removal that eliminates the closed canopy conditions needed by this species.
- Activities that can introduce or encourage the growth of invasive plants, such as dumping of garden waste and off-trail ATV use.
- Activities that change the water regime in the woodlands.
Beneficial management activities at St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
- Population monitoring
- Invasive plant control
- Enforcement of unauthorized trail use
Louisiana Waterthrush - Parkesia motacilla
Status in Canada: Special Concern
Status in Ontario: Special Concern
Status at SWCR: Rare breeding bird
This Medium-sized migratory songbird has a distinctive light stripe above the eye. It nests in the wetland habitats of the SWCR.
Quick Facts:
- In Ontario, it only breeds in the province’s most southern regions.
- It is very sensitive to disturbance and needs large areas of undisturbed forests with water features (streams and wetlands) to breed.
- It eats mostly aquatic insects, and needs cold, clear water for hunting.
- It often returns to the same breeding territory every year.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
- Habitat loss/degradation: due to human disturbance near breeding and hunting grounds, off-road vehicle use, water quality changes, and forest thinning activities.
- Activities that can damage critical Louisiana Waterthrush habitat include:
- Tree removal that eliminates the closed canopy conditions needed by this species.
- Activities that can introduce or encourage the growth of invasive plants, such as dumping of garden waste and off-trail ATV use.
- Activities that change the water regime, or affect water quality in the woodlands.
- Activities that generate disturbance near breeding grounds such as off-trail hiking/ATV use and unauthorized plant collecting.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
- Population monitoring
- Enforcement of unauthorized trail use
Eastern Wood-Pewee - Contopus virens
Status in Canada: Special Concern
Status in Ontario: Not yet Listed
Status at SWCR: Abundant and widespread breeding bird
This migratory songbird is common to the Norfolk region, but declining throughout its range.
Quick Facts:
- This songbird has a distinct call: “PEE-a-wee”.
- It eats flying insects, hunting them from high perches in dead trees.
- It breeds as far north as the southern edge of the Hudson Bay Lowlands.
- Populations are declining throughout its range, but the cause of these declines is still largely unknown.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
- Unknown: population-wide declines are likely related to changes in flying insect populations and residential development.
- Activities that can damage critical Eastern wood pewee habitat include:
- Activities that can introduce or encourage the growth of invasive plants, such as dumping of garden waste and off-trail ATV use.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
- Population monitoring
- Forest thinning activities
- Invasive plant control
- Enforcement of unauthorized trail use
- Prescribed burns
Mammals
Woodland Vole - Microtis pinetorum
Status in Canada: Special Concern
Status in Ontario: Special Concern
Status at SWCR: Common
This small chestnut-brown rodent has a short tail and is native to the Carolinian life zone.
Quick Facts
SWCR is within the major part of its range in Southwestern Ontario, close to Lake Erie.
Woodland voles occupy various habitats, including deciduous forests, orchards, and scrubby sand dunes.
They live in small, communal groups and burrow within deep forest floor litter layers.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
Habitat loss & degradation – Due to urban development, agriculture, and forest harvesting.
Human Activities That Impact Woodland Voles
Elimination of dense understory – Natural succession, canopy closure, and excessive deer browsing reduce habitat complexity.
Disturbance to shrubs & plants – Unauthorized plant collection and off-trail ATV use can degrade habitats.
Vegetation management – Activities such as prescribed burns can destroy essential understory plants.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
Population Monitoring
Forest Thinning Activities
Enforcement Against Unauthorized Trail Use
American Badger - Taxidea taxus jacksonii
Status in Canada: Endangered
Status in Ontario: Endangered
Status at SWCR: Rare
The American badger is best recognized by its distinct head patterning. Its range in Ontario is very restricted.
Quick Facts:
- It is a member of the Weasel family.
- It is perfectly adapted for digging, with long, stout front digging claws, and short, flattened “scooping” back claws.
- It is estimated that fewer than 200 individuals remain in southwestern Ontario.
- It is a nocturnal carnivore that with a diverse diet including many of the small mammals we consider pests: woodchucks (groundhogs), mice, and voles.
Threats at the St. Williams Conservation Reserve:
- Habitat Loss/Fragmentation and Low Population densities: Badger populations are declining because of genetic isolation due to fragmentation and conversion of habitat; and individual mortality (road-mortality, trapping, attacks from domestic dogs, and incidental death during land development and farming operations).
Activities that can damage critical badger habitat include:
- Activities that can introduce or encourage the growth of invasive plants, such as dumping of garden waste and off-trail ATV use.
- Activities that eliminate patches of dense understory or reduce structural complexity on the forest floor: Natural succession and canopy closure, excessive deer browsing.
- Activities that interfere with understory shrubs, unauthorized plant collecting and off-trail ATV use.
St. Williams Conservation Reserve management practices:
- Population monitoring
- Forest thinning activities
- Invasive plant control
- Prescribed burns
Other Research Functions and Plans
McMaster University’s Turkey Point Observatory
More Info Coming Soon
Variable Density Thinning Research Plots
More Info Coming Soon
Current and Upcoming Research at SWCR
More Info Coming Soon
Get Involved Today!
The St. Williams Conservation Reserve Community Council is always looking for helpful volunteers and directors. Are you looking to give back to your community?
